Psoriasis: photos, symptoms and treatment in adults and children.

The prevalence of skin diseases among the population of the planet is quite large.One of the most common chronic skin disorders is called psoriasis - on average from 2 to 5%(in other studies - from 3 to 7%) the world's population suffers from this type of dermatosis.Therefore, it is important to understand whether psoriasis is transmitted from person to person, who is more predisposed to this skin disorder, how to avoid complications, are there effective ways to treat medicines and folk remedies

What is it?

The systemic disease of the skin, characterized by the occurrence of pathological processes, except for the skin, also in the nails, a number of internal organs, joints - one of many definitions of psoriasis.This dermatological violation significantly reduces the qualitative level of health of the patient, having a pernicious effect on metabolism (a process associated with metabolism) in the body, enhances symptoms of cardiovascular disease and contributes to depressive conditions.Knowing its common name - scaly lichen, it is easy to guess what psoriasis looks like: rashes in the form of papules (formation with a smooth shiny surface, the shape resembles hemisphere, color - pink) - at an early stage of small, with a pin head.After a while (several days), the paples are covered with scales that are easily removed, have a silver-white shade.The type of patient skin with psoriasis in loved ones and others arouses interest, is it contrast or not psoriasis?According to dermatologists, there is no danger to infect from the patient others.The carrier of the disease-any microorganisms-is absent.The skin is affected here (the upper layers die off) - this is how the body reacts to external stimuli, to physiological dysfunctions during metabolism.

MKB-10 code

A detailed description of all kinds of varieties of psoriasis, their features are given in the international classification of diseases-ICD 10 (10th revision version).Orlining a dermatological disease is reduced to the release of such types:

1. Simple (vulgar or bad).It is considered one of the most common among all psoriasis-prevalence is approaching 80-90%.We recognize by its manifestations: a white (gray) or silver-white layer of scales forms on a healthy skin, which are thickened, inflamed areas of the skin, which easily dry out and exfoliate.Skin areas under such layering are very sensitive to injuries, subject to bleeding (contain many smallest vessels), which is why they are called psoriatic plaques.Increasing in size, plaques can merge with each other, turning into a single spot - “paraffin lake”.These spots can spread throughout the body.There is a simple psoriasis on the head, including in the hairy part, along the border where the hair growth ends.After a time (several months) of the “lakes”, they tend to disappear, leaving a bleached skin.MKB code 10 - L40.0.
2. Point (drop -shaped, halted).This type of psoriasis has a slightly lower prevalence than the vulgar.A sudden manifestation is inherent in him - in patients, multiple small, dry rashes protruding above the skin have a round configuration (or a drop shape), a lilac or reddish tone.Code - L4.
3. Pustulenia.It bears its name due to the appearance of pustules-blisters (bubbles) that occur on the surface of healthy skin and contain exudate (fluid, sterile in composition, is a transdicular).Code-L1-3, L40.82.
4. Psoriasis of the nail plates.The plates of arms and legs are subject to damage - they become brittle, lose their natural color, thicken and delax.Also, the result of the disease may be the loss of nails.Treatment is complicated due to accumulation under the plate of dead cells of the epidermis, dirt and dust.Careful, painstaking and long -term care of nail plates is simply necessary.Code - L86.
5. Artropatic.It is the “initiator” of the emergence of the process of inflammation in the joints, also in the connective tissues of the body.First of all, small joints are more often susceptible to him - the phalanx of the fingers or legs swell.Exacerbation occurs in cool (cold), raw weather.Such psoriasis is fraught with the occurrence of a severe form of the disease and even the establishment of disability to the patient.Code - L5+.
6. The reverse or psoriasis of the bending surfaces.Outwardly manifested in the form of smooth, without peeling (or it is slightly) spots of inflamed (with redness) of the skin.Localization - in places of skin folds (in the area of armpits, in the groin, in places of the inner surface of the thigh, etc.).Code-L83-4.
7. Erythrodermic.This type of psoriasis is characterized by the inflammatory process of the skin of the whole body, their peeling. It is often a consequence of the aggravated form of vulgar psoriasis, or excessive psychological stress, transferred a cold.Sometimes it occurs as a reaction to the alcohol taken.Code - L85.
8. Another psoriasis - this species includes all other, atypical options for leakage.Code - L8.

Causes

The basis of psoriasis can be different factors within the framework of theories of the formation of this type of dermatosis.

1. Genetics.There is no need to prove whether psoriasis is contrast with a genetic predisposition.The genetic theory of psoriasis speaks only of an increased risk of manifestation of this dermatosis as a result of a hereditary factor in humans.
2. Violation of the hormonal background in the body (endocrine theory).Restorative (regenerative) functions of tissues (skin) are lost due to improper operation of the endocrine system.
3. The consequences of infections.During the treatment of infectious diseases, complications can begin, reflected directly on the skin (infectious theory) - skin loss of the ability to function normally after exposure to microorganisms, fungi, etc.
4. Violation of the metabolism (metabolic functions) of the body: the skin disease is initiated by the inadequate work of the circulatory system, for example, lymphocytes are excessively concentrated in certain areas of the skin.This also includes diabetes mellitus - it is with it that metabolic processes are significantly distorted.(Exchange theory).
5. Immunity.Inadequate work of the immune system leads to the impossibility of proper reaction of the body to threats to health.This is manifested through skin reactions as well.(Immune theory).

A number of reasons can be associated with the features of the life of an individual:

• irrational diet;
• abuse of psychoactive substances (alcohol, nicotine, etc.);
• improper use of medicines;
• excessive mental stress, stress;
• A sharp change in climatic conditions.

Symptoms and stages

Symptoms of psoriasis differ depending on the stage of the disease itself.There are 4 stages of psoriasis.

Initial.

In the initial stage, at the hands, stomach, back or other parts, individual psoriatic manifestations are noticeable: small papules, pinkish, with a brilliant and smooth surface.These are point manifestations, over time there is an increase in their number and location sites.

Progressive.

At this stage, peeling of the skin is added to symptoms - at first in the central part of the papules, which gradually grow, forming a rose -colored corolla.The shape of the areas damaged by the disease gradually acquires a different configuration (Kebner's symptom).Itching is observed.The duration of the stage is about 2 weeks.

Stationary.

In terms of duration, it has no specific time-after time it can switch to the next stage (4th, regression), or return to the previous (3rd, progressing).New elements on the skin cease to appear, the growth of existing plaques slows down, stops at all.

Regressive.

The stage completes the cycle of the disease - peeling goes “to nothing”, the plaques become flat, lose their bulge.Objects, as a rule, do not atrophy and do not form scars.Although the areas subject to disease lose their pigment (bleach), after time it passes.

In children

The occurrence of the disease in children is observed in rare cases.But at the same time, the course of psoriasis proceeds in a complicated form: the skin shell is quickly covered with bubbles, almost the entire surface of the skin is captured.Bubbles contain a liquid (first - transparent, then it is cloudy), its tests show the presence of pathological cells.Therapeutic intervention should be emergency.

In adults

Symptoms and treatment in adults is based on the characteristics of the course of the disease.Patients are fixed:

• the general state of physical weakening of the body;
• a feeling of non -passing power and fatigue;
• The depression and experience of the depressive state.

A specific symptoms depends on the type of psoriasis and its localization on the skin.For example, on the legs, the manifestation of psoriasis is more often observed in the knees, feet.With complications, symptoms are enhanced by edema of the limbs.

Treatment

Drug treatment of psoriasis is based on several approaches, depending on the characteristics of the disease.Means are used to normalize immunity (immunosuppression method);agents that regulate metabolism and reduce inflammatory manifestations (corticosteroids);Means that reduce the dividing functions of cells and prevent tumors (cytostatics).As a means of direct exposure to affected areas, ointment from psoriasis on the skin is applicable.It is designed to deal with the dryness of the skin and the effect of “tightening”.A special place is occupied by non -hormonal ointments that affect the foci of inflammation, but not leading to an increase in the hormonal background.

Ointments from psoriasis:

Non -hormonal influence:

• zinc - is an antiseptic, a means for drying and removing the process of inflammation;
• Salicyl - affects the best separation of the keratinized layer of the skin;

Hormonal exposure

The therapeutic effect is given faster than the ointment (all of them are aimed at suppressing itching, inflammation, allergies), but there are side effects.Patients are often offered ointment that eliminates psoriatic symptoms.An example is a bickented drug - one of its components is used in the daytime, the other in the night.The ointment includes natural components (lichen, earthen mushroom, rhubarb, thorny).Considering the treatment of psoriasis of hydrogen peroxide, reviews are distributed depending on the obtained therapeutic effect.It, in turn, depends on the severity and type of skin violation itself.Apply peroxide in 2 options:

• externally (compresses, lotions of affected areas);
• Internally (a drop of peroxide is added to several tablespoons of water, drunk half an hour before meals; also digging a few drops in the nose).

The therapeutic effect of hydrogen peroxide is effective in the first stages of psoriasis and if the disease is not launched.

Treatment of psoriasis with folk remedies at home

A number of questions - how to cure psoriasis at home, whether the result of treatment will be preserved in the case of the use of public funds - is discussed by both specialists and patients themselves.Psoriasis is called a disease with relapses having a chronic form.Therefore, it is important to regulate its course - the full cure is very complicated.Of the folk remedies, the most effective are called:

• tar (effective at the initial stages of dermatosis, relieves inflammation);
• solidol (copes with psoriasis without difficulty, is effective for nails and the area of soles);
• soda (affects the acidic environment, in particular, the skin - thereby neutralize symptoms of psoriasis);
• Herbs (as a series of celandine, the level of inflammation of the psoriasis of areas affected by psoriasis is reduced, skin regeneration improves).

Be sure to track what kind of nutrition has.The diet should provide for the balance of nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and not violate the metabolic features of the sick.Natural allergens contained in food should be excluded completely.It is important to remember that the treatment of psoriasis should be complex.Its duration is determined both by the depth of damage to the body and the stage of development.